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Tropical Storm Podul (2013)
Tropical Storm Podul, known in the Philippines as Tropical Depression Zoraida, was a weak but destructive tropical cyclone that affected the Philippines shortly after the devastating Typhoon Haiyan. The 31st named storm of the 2013 Pacific typhoon season, Podul developed as a tropical depression on November 11 between Palau and the Philippine island of Mindanao. The system moved west-northwestward and struck Davao Oriental in Mindanao on November 12, bringing heavy rainfall that killed two people and disrupted relief efforts following Haiyan. After crossing the Philippines, the depression intensified into Tropical Storm Podul on November 14. Shortly thereafter, the storm struck southeastern Vietnam, and its circulation dissipated on November 15. In Vietnam, Podul produced heavy rainfall that resulted in severe flooding. The storm damaged or destroyed 427,258 houses, and overall damage was estimated at 1.5 trillion₫ (2013 Vietnamese dong, $72 million 2013 USD). Podul killed 42 people in the country and caused 74 injuries.
==Meteorological history==
On November 9, an area of disorganized convection, or thunderstorms, persisted about 1175 km (730 mi) southeast of Palau. The system consisted of a broad circulation, affected to its detriment by moderate wind shear. Moving west-northwestward, the convection persisted and organized into the circulation, indicative of an increased potential for tropical cyclogenesis. Late on November 10, the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) issued a Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert (TCFA), meaning the agency anticipated a tropical depression would develop within 24 hours. Shortly thereafter, the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA) initiated advisories on Tropical Depression ''Zoraida'' after the system entered its area of responsibility of the agency. At 1200 UTC on November 11, the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) estimated that a tropical depression formed about halfway between Palau and the Philippine island of Mindanao, although operationally the agency had classified the system two days prior.
After passing south of Palau, the system's circulation became more broad and its convection became less organized, despite decreased wind shear. Early on November 12, the depression made landfall on Mindanao in Davao Oriental province. Shortly thereafter, PAGASA discontinued advisories on Zoraida, declaring that the depression degenerated into a low pressure area. By contrast, the JMA continued monitoring the depression as it moved through the Philippines and into the Sulu Sea. On November 13, the center crossed over Palawan island into the South China Sea. At 1200 UTC the next day, the JMA upgraded the depression to Tropical Storm ''Podul'' about 275 km (170 mi) east of the Vietnam coast.〔 Around the same time, the JTWC began issuing warnings on the system as a tropical depression ''32W'', noting that convection had rapidly increased over the circulation. The agency also mentioned the continued presence of wind shear, although warm water temperatures and moderate outflow were expected to allow intensification. Although the JMA estimated peak 10–minute winds of 65 km/h (40 mph),〔 the JTWC only estimated tropical depression-force 1–minute winds of 45 km/h (30 mph).
Late on November 14, Podul made landfall in southeastern Vietnam near Phan Rang–Tháp Chàm and quickly weakened into a tropical depression.〔 The JTWC assessed the circulation was dissipating near the coast, and the JMA declared Podul dissipated at 1200 UTC on November 15.〔 Operationally, the agency tracked the system into the Gulf of Thailand, and the Thai Meteorological Department tracked Podul to near the Malay Peninsula on November 16, before ceasing advisories on the storm. The remnants later redeveloped into Cyclonic Storm Helen in the Bay of Bengal, which later struck southeastern India on November 22 before dissipating.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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